General Manganite Information
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Chemical Formula: |
MnO(OH) |
Composition: |
Molecular Weight = 87.94 gm |
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Manganese 62.47 % Mn 89.76 % Mn2O3 |
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Hydrogen 1.15 % H 10.24 % H2O |
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Oxygen 36.39 % O |
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______ ______ |
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100.00 % 100.00 % = TOTAL OXIDE |
Empirical Formula: |
Mn3+O(OH) |
Environment: |
Formed in low-temperature hydrothermal or hot-spring manganese deposits. |
IMA Status: |
Valid Species (Pre-IMA) 1827 |
Locality: |
Ilfeld, Harz, Germany Link to MinDat.org Location Data. |
Name Origin: |
Named after its chemical composition. |
Synonym: |
Brown manganese ore |
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ICSD 27456 |
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PDF 41-1379 |
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Manganite Image |
Images:
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Manganite
Comments: Lustrous feathery crystals of manganite to 0.75 cm.
Location: N'Chwaning Mine, Kalahari Manganese Field, Northern Cape Province, South Africa.
Scale: 7.8 x 4.2 cm.
© John Veevaert |
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Images:
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Images:
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Manganite Crystallography
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Axial Ratios: |
a:b:c =1.6931:1:1.0871 |
Cell Dimensions: |
a = 8.94, b = 5.28, c = 5.74, Z = 8; beta = 90° V = 270.95 Den(Calc)= 4.31 |
Crystal System: |
Monoclinic - PrismaticH-M Symbol (2/m) Space Group: B21/d |
X Ray Diffraction: |
By Intensity(I/Io): 3.4(1), 2.64(0.6), 2.28(0.5), |
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Crystal Structure:
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Kohler T , Armbruster T , Libowitzky E , Journal of Solid State Chemistry , 133 (1997) p.486-500, Hydrogen bonding and Jahn-Teller distortion in groutite, alpha-MnOOH,, and manganite, gamma-MnOOH, and their relations to the manganese, dioxides ramsdellite and pyrolusite, Locality: Nchwaning Mine, Kalahari manganese field, Republic of South Africa, Note: Uiso corrected
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Physical Properties of Manganite
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Cleavage: |
[010] Perfect |
Color: |
Black, Gray, Grayish black. |
Density: |
4.3 - 4.4, Average = 4.34 |
Diaphaniety: |
Opaque |
Fracture: |
Brittle - Generally displayed by glasses and most non-metallic minerals. |
Habit: |
Massive - Fibrous - Distinctly fibrous fine-grained forms. |
Habit: |
Prismatic - Crystals Shaped like Slender Prisms (e.g. tourmaline). |
Habit: |
Pseudo Orthorhombic - Crystals show an orthorhombic shape. |
Hardness: |
4 - Fluorite |
Luminescence: |
None. |
Luster: |
Sub Metallic |
Magnetism: |
Nonmagnetic |
Streak: |
dark brown |
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Optical Properties of Manganite
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Gladstone-Dale: |
CI meas= -0.013 (Superior) - where the CI = (1-KPDmeas/KC) CI calc= -0.022 (Excellent) - where the CI = (1-KPDcalc/KC)
KPDcalc= 0.3117,KPDmeas= 0.3088,KC= 0.305 |
Optical Data: |
Biaxial (+), a=2.25, b=2.25, g=2.53, bire=0.2800 |
Pleochroism (x): |
faint reddish brown. |
Pleochroism (z): |
faint red brown. |
RL Anisotrophism: |
Weak. |
RL Bireflectance: |
Distinct, in grays. |
RL Color: |
Gray white with brownish tint with blood red internal reflections. |
Reflectivity |
Standardized Intensity (100%) Reflection Spectra of Manganite in Air
| λ |
R1 |
R2 |
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∑ R1(λ) |
∑ R2(λ) |
| 400 nm |
18.00 |
25.10 |

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| 420 nm |
18.00 |
24.80 |

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| 440 nm |
18.00 |
24.50 |

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| 460 nm |
17.90 |
24.10 |

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| 480 nm |
17.80 |
23.70 |

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| 500 nm |
17.60 |
23.20 |

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| 520 nm |
17.30 |
22.70 |

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| 540 nm |
17.00 |
22.20 |

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| 560 nm |
16.80 |
21.60 |

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| 580 nm |
16.50 |
21.20 |

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| 600 nm |
16.30 |
20.80 |

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| 620 nm |
16.10 |
20.60 |

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| 640 nm |
16.00 |
20.30 |

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| 660 nm |
15.80 |
20.10 |

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| 680 nm |
15.70 |
19.90 |

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| 700 nm |
15.70 |
19.70 |

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Calculated Relative Intensity Colors of Manganite in Air
Relative Intensity |
0% |
60% |
100% |
120% |
180% |
240% |
300% |
360% |
420% |
480% |
540% |
| R1 |
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| R2 |
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Calculated Properties of Manganite
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Electron Density: |
relectron=4.15 gm/cc note: rManganite =4.35 gm/cc. |
Fermion Index |
Fermion Index = 0.00017 Boson Index = 0.99983 |
Photoelectric: |
PEManganite = 16.21 barns/electron U=PEManganite x relectron= 67.35 barns/cc. |
Radioactivity: |
GRapi = 0 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units) Manganite is Not Radioactive |
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Manganite Classification
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Dana Class: |
6.1.3.1 (6)Hydroxides and Oxides Containing Hydroxyl |
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(6.1)where X+++O OH |
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(6.1.3)Dana Group |
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6.1.3.1 Manganite MnO(OH) B21/d 2/m |
Strunz Class: |
IV/F.06-70 IV - Oxides |
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IV/F - Hydroxides and oxidic hydrates, water-bearing oxides with layered structure |
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IV/F.06 - Diaspore - Goethite - Faitknechtite series |
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IV/F.06-10 Diaspore AlO(OH) Pbnm 2/m 2/m 2/m |
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IV/F.06-20 Boehmite AlO(OH) Amam 2/m 2/m 2/m |
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IV/F.06-25 Tsumgallite! GaO(OH) Pbnm 2/m 2/m 2/m |
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IV/F.06-30 Goethite FeO(OH) Pbnm 2/m 2/m 2/m |
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IV/F.06-40 Lepidocrocite FeO(OH) Amam 2/m 2/m 2/m |
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IV/F.06-50 Akaganeite Fe(O,OH,Cl) I2/m 2/m |
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IV/F.06-60 Feroxyhyte FeO(OH) Unk Hex |
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IV/F.06-70 Manganite MnO(OH) B21/d 2/m |
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IV/F.06-80 Groutite MnO(OH) Pbnm 2/m 2/m 2/m |
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IV/F.06-90 Feitknechtite beta-MnO(OH) Unk Hex |
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Other Manganite Information
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References: |
NAME( Duda&Rejl90) PHYS. PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990) OPTIC PROP.(AntBidBlaNic3) |
See Also: |
Links to other databases for Manganite :
1 -Am. Min. Crystal Structure Database
2 - Amethyst Galleries' Mineral Gallery
3 - Applied Mineralogy
4 -Athena
5 - CalTech Mineral Spectroscopy
6 - Crocoite.com Mineral Locations
7 - EUROmin Project
8 - Franklin Minerals(Dunn)
9 - Franklin Minerals(Palache)
10 -Google Images
11 -Google Scholar
12 -Handbook of Mineralogy (UofA)
13 -MinDAT
14 -MinMax(Deutsch)
15 -MinMax(English)
16 -Mineralienatlas (Deutsch)
17 - Minerals of Wisconsin
18 -QUT Mineral Atlas
19 - Scandinavian mineral gallery
20 -École des Mines de Paris
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Manganite
MnO(OH)
Dana No: 6.1.3.1 Strunz No: IV/F.06-70
Locality:
Notes:
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