Livingstonite Mineral Data

Livingstonite Mineral Data +

General Livingstonite Information

Chemical Formula:

HgSb4S8

Composition:

Molecular Weight = 944.12 gm

Mercury 21.25 % Hg

Antimony 51.58 % Sb

Sulfur 27.17 % S

______

100.00 %

Empirical Formula:

HgSb₄S₈

Environment:

In low-temperature hydrothermal veins.

IMA Status:

Valid Species (Pre-IMA)

Locality:

Huitzuco de los Figueroa (Huitzuco), Mun. de Huitzuco, Guerrero, Mexico. Link to MinDat.org Location Data.

Name Origin:

Named after the Scottish explorer and missionary, David Livingstone (1813-1873).

Synonym:

ICSD 60144

PDF 36-416

Livingstonite Image

Images:

Livingstonite

Comments: Dark brown, acicular-columnar crystals of livingstonite in anhydrite.
Location: Guerrero, Mexico. Scale: 2x3 cm.
© Dave Barthelmy

Livingstonite Crystallography

Axial Ratios:

a:b:c =7.6005:1:5.4271

Cell Dimensions:

a = 30.25, b = 3.98, c = 21.6, Z = 8; beta = 104.167° V = 2,521.44 Den(Calc)= 4.97

Crystal System:

Monoclinic - PrismaticH-M Symbol (2/m) Space Group: A2/a

$Help on X Ray Diffraction:$ X Ray Diffraction:

By Intensity(I/I_o): 2.99(1), 3.47(0.7), 3.73(0.7),

Crystal Structure:

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Niizeki N , Buerger M J , Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie , 109 (1957) p.129-157, The crystal structure of livingstonite, HgSb4S8, Locality: Guerrido, Mexico

View Additional jPOWD Structure files for Livingstonite
[1]

Physical Properties of Livingstonite

Cleavage:

[010] Perfect, [100] Perfect

Color:

Steel gray, Lead gray.

Density:

4.81 - 4.9, Average = 4.85

Diaphaniety:

Opaque to subtranslucent

Fracture:

Uneven - Flat surfaces (not cleavage) fractured in an uneven pattern.

Habit:

Columnar - Forms columns

Habit:

Fibrous - Crystals made up of fibers.

Habit:

Radial - Crystals radiate from a center without producing stellar forms (e.g. stibnite)

Hardness:

2 - Gypsum

Luster:

Sub Metallic

Streak:

red

Optical Properties of Livingstonite

Optical Data:

Biaxial (-), b=2.72-2.8

Pleochroism (y):

red.

RL Color:

White with deep red internal reflections.

Reflectivity

**Standardized Intensity (100%) Reflection Spectra of Livingstonite in Air**
λ	R₁	R₂	∑ R₁(λ)	∑ R₂(λ)
400 nm	33.20	42.20
420 nm	33.00	42.60
440 nm	32.80	43.00
460 nm	32.40	43.10
480 nm	31.90	43.00
500 nm	31.40	42.40
520 nm	30.80	41.50
540 nm	30.40	40.50
560 nm	30.10	39.70
580 nm	29.70	39.00
600 nm	29.50	38.40
620 nm	29.20	37.70
640 nm	28.80	37.00
660 nm	28.40	36.10
680 nm	27.80	35.10
700 nm	27.20	34.20

**Calculated Relative Intensity Colors of Livingstonite in Air**
Relative Intensity	0%	40%	80%	100%	120%	160%	200%	240%	280%	300%
R₁
R₂

Calculated Properties of Livingstonite

Electron Density:

r_electron=4.34 gm/cc
note: r_{Livingstonite}=4.97 gm/cc.

Fermion Index

Fermion Index = 0.0662
Boson Index = 0.9338

Photoelectric:

PE_{Livingstonite}= 519.98 barns/electron
U=PE_{Livingstonite} x r_electron=2,255.52 barns/cc.

Radioactivity:

GRapi = 0 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units)

Livingstonite is Not Radioactive

Livingstonite Classification

Dana Class:

3.7.11.1 (3)Sulfides - Sulfosalts

(3.7)where z/y = 2 - (A+)i (A++)j [By Cz], A=metals, B=semi-metals, C=non-metals

(3.7.11)Dana Group

3.7.11.1 Livingstonite HgSb4S8 A2/a 2/m

3.7.11.2 Grumiplucite! HgBi2S4 C 2/m 2/m

Strunz Class:

II/E.13-10 II - Sulfides and sulphosalts

II/E - Sulfosalts (S : As,Sb,Bi = x) Sulfosalts with predominant Thallium and Mercury, x = 4.0 - 1.6

II/E.13 - Livingstonite - Vaughanite series

II/E.13-10 Livingstonite HgSb4S8 A2/a 2/m

II/E.13-20 Grumiplucite! HgBi2S4 C 2/m 2/m

II/E.13-30 Simonite TlHgAs3S6 P 2₁/n 2/m

II/E.13-40 Vrbaite Tl4Hg3Sb2As8S20 C mca 2/m 2/m 2/m

II/E.13-42 Edenharterite TlPbAs3S6 F dd2 mm2

II/E.13-43 Jentschite! TlPbAs2SbS6 P 2₁/n 2/m

II/E.13-45 Hutchinsonite (Pb,Tl)2As5S9 P bca 2/m 2/m 2/m

II/E.13-50 Lorandite TlAsS2 P 2₁/a 2/m

II/E.13-60 Weissbergite TlSbS2 P1 1

II/E.13-70 Tvalchrelidzeite Hg12(Sb,As)8S15 P1 1

II/E.13-80 Vaughanite TlHgSb4S7 P1 ? 1

Other Livingstonite Information

References:

NAME( Duda&Rejl90) PHYS. PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990) OPTIC PROP.(AntBidBlaNic1)

See Also:

Links to other databases for Livingstonite :
1 -Am. Min. Crystal Structure Database 2 -Athena 3 - Crocoite.com Mineral Locations 4 - EUROmin Project 5 -Google Images 6 -Google Scholar 7 -Handbook of Mineralogy (UofA) 8 -MinDAT 9 -MinMax(Deutsch) 10 -MinMax(English) 11 -Mineralienatlas (Deutsch) 12 -QUT Mineral Atlas 13 - WWW-MINCRYST 14 -École des Mines de Paris

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Print or Cut-and-Paste your Livingstonite Specimen Label here :

Livingstonite

HgSb4S8
Dana No: 3.7.11.1 Strunz No: II/E.13-10
Locality:

Notes: