Gadolinite-(Ce) Mineral Data

Gadolinite-(Ce) Mineral Data +

General Gadolinite-(Ce) Information

Chemical Formula:

(Ce,La,Nd,Y)2Fe++Be2Si2O10

Composition:

Molecular Weight = 569.31 gm

Lanthanum 10.98 % La 12.88 % La₂O₃

Cerium 16.74 % Ce 19.60 % Ce₂O₃

Yttrium 5.00 % Y 6.35 % Y₂O₃

Manganese 0.96 % Mn 1.25 % MnO

Beryllium 3.01 % Be 8.35 % BeO

Iron 7.36 % Fe 9.46 % FeO

Silicon 9.87 % Si 21.11 % SiO₂

Neodymium 17.99 % Nd 20.98 % Nd₂O₃

Oxygen 28.10 % O

______ ______

100.00 % 99.97 % = TOTAL OXIDE

Empirical Formula:

Ce_0.68La_0.45Y_0.32Nd_0.71Fe²⁺_0.75Mn²⁺_0.1Be_1.9Si₂O₁₀

Environment:

In syenite pegmatite veins along a contact between basalt and monzonite.

IMA Status:

Approved IMA 1978

Locality:

From a dump at Buer, nine km southeast of Skien, Bjorkendalen region, and in the Bakken quarry, Tvedalen, Norway. Link to MinDat.org Location Data.

Name Origin:

Named for its cerium content and the relationship to gadolinite-(Y).

Gadolinite-(Ce) Image

Images:

Gadolinite-(Ce)

Comments: Sharp, well crystallized single crystal of brown gadolinite.
Location: Buer, Bj?rkedalen, Porsgrunn, Telemark, Norway. Scale: 18x14x8 mm.
© John Betts - Fine Minerals

Gadolinite-(Ce) Crystallography

Axial Ratios:

a:b:c =0.6358:1:1.3205

Cell Dimensions:

a = 4.82, b = 7.58, c = 10.01, Z = 2; beta = 90.47° V = 365.71 Den(Calc)= 5.17

Crystal System:

Monoclinic - PrismaticH-M Symbol (2/m) Space Group: P 2₁/c

$Help on X Ray Diffraction:$ X Ray Diffraction:

By Intensity(I/I_o): 2.88(1), 4.81(0.9), 2.6(0.8),

Physical Properties of Gadolinite-(Ce)

Cleavage:

None

Color:

Black.

Density:

4.2

Diaphaniety:

Transparent

Fracture:

Brittle - Conchoidal - Very brittle fracture producing small, conchoidal fragments.

Habit:

Metamict - Mineral originally crystalline, now amorphous due to radiation damage.

Hardness:

6.5-7 - Pyrite-Quartz

Luster:

Vitreous (Glassy)

Streak:

greenish gray

Optical Properties of Gadolinite-(Ce)

Gladstone-Dale:

CI meas= -0.086 (Poor) - where the CI = (1-KPDmeas/KC)
CI calc= 0.118 (Poor) - where the CI = (1-KPDcalc/KC)
KPDcalc= 0.1509,KPDmeas= 0.1857,KC= 0.171

Optical Data:

Isotropic, n=1.78.

Calculated Properties of Gadolinite-(Ce)

Electron Density:

r_electron=3.80 gm/cc
note: r_{Gadolinite-(Ce)}=4.20 gm/cc.

Fermion Index

Fermion Index = 0.07331
Boson Index = 0.92669

Photoelectric:

PE_{Gadolinite-(Ce)}= 251.10 barns/electron
U=PE_{Gadolinite-(Ce)} x r_electron= 955.02 barns/cc.

Radioactivity:

GRapi = 44,145.76 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units)

Gadolinite-(Ce) is Radioactive as defined in 49 CFR 173.403. Greater than 70 Bq / gram.

Estimated Maximum U.S. Postal Shipping Size (10 mRem/hr limit, Unshielded 10 cm box) 689.01 ±172.25 grams of pure Gadolinite-(Ce) .

**Estimated Radioactivity from Gadolinite-(Ce)** - weak
Specimen Size Weight/Volume (Sphere) *	Calculated Activity Bequerols (Bq)	Calculated Activity Curies (Ci)	Estimated Activity GR(api)	Estimated Exposure (mRem**)/hr If Held in Hand For One Hour
1000 gm / 7.69 cm	1,023,758	2.77E-05	44,145.76	14.51
100 gm / 3.57 cm	102,376	2.77E-06	4,414.58	1.45
10 gm / 1.66 cm	10,238	2.77E-07	441.46	0.15
1 gm / 7.69 mm	1,024	2.77E-08	44.15	0.01
0.1 gm / 3.57 mm	102	2.77E-09	4.41	0.00
0.01 gm / 1.66 mm	10	2.77E-10	0.44	0.00
0.001 gm / 0.77 mm	1	2.77E-11	0.04	0.00

Weight of pure Gadolinite-(Ce) in grams (gm) and Calculated Diameter of a Sphere with a Density of 4.20 gm/cc.*
Goverment Estimate of Average Annual Exposure ( 360 mRem) **
Note: 10 microsieverts/hr = 1 mRem/hr **
Max Permissable Adult Dose 50,000 mRem/yr (hands), 15,000 mRem/yr (eyes)
Lethal Dose LD(50) Exposure 400,000 to 500,000 mRem
Estimated Thorium Activity ( 2.29 % Th) From Sum REE Elements (45.70 % REE)

Gadolinite-(Ce) Classification

Dana Class:

54.2.1b.2 (54)Nesosilicate Borosilicates and Some Beryllosilicates

(54.2)with B in [4] coordination

(54.2.1b)Datolite group (Homilite series)

54.2.1b.1 Bakerite Ca4B4(BO4)(SiO4)3(OH)3·(H2O) P 2₁/c 2/m

54.2.1b.2 Gadolinite-(Ce) (Ce,La,Nd,Y)2FeBe2Si2O10 P 2₁/c 2/m

54.2.1b.3 Gadolinite-(Y) Y2FeBe2Si2O10 P 2₁/a 2/m

54.2.1b.4 Calciogadolinite* CaREE(Fe)Be2Si2O10 P 2₁/a 2/m

54.2.1b.5 Homilite Ca2(Fe,Mg)B2Si2O10 P 2₁/a 2/m

54.2.1b.6 Minasgeraisite-(Y) CaY2Be2Si2O10 P 2₁/a 2/m

Strunz Class:

VIII/B.29-60 VIII - Silicates

VIII/B - Nesosubsilicates, with anions unfamiliar to tetraheders, with beryllium and boron

VIII/B.29 - Datolite/Gadolinite group

VIII/B.29-10 Datolite CaBSiO4(OH) P 2₁/c 2/m

VIII/B.29-20 Bakerite Ca4B4(BO4)(SiO4)3(OH)3·(H2O) P 2₁/c 2/m

VIII/B.29-30 Homilite Ca2(Fe,Mg)B2Si2O10 P 2₁/a 2/m

VIII/B.29-35 Vistepite Mn4SnB2(SiO4)4(OH)2 P1 1

VIII/B.29-40 Minasgeraisite-(Y) CaY2Be2Si2O10 P 2₁/a 2/m

VIII/B.29-50 Gadolinite-(Y) Y2FeBe2Si2O10 P 2₁/a 2/m

VIII/B.29-60 Gadolinite-(Ce) (Ce,La,Nd,Y)2FeBe2Si2O10 P 2₁/c 2/m

VIII/B.29-70 Hingganite-(Y) Y2([])Be2Si2O8(OH)2 P 2₁/a 2/m

VIII/B.29-80 Hingganite-(Ce) Ce2Be2(SiO4)2(OH)2 P 2₁/a 2/m

VIII/B.29-90 Hingganite-(Yb) (Yb,Y)2([])Be2Si2O8(OH)2 P 2₁/a 2/m

VIII/B.29-100 Calcybeborosilite-(Y)! (REE,Ca)2[](B,Be)2(SiO4)2(OH,O)2 P 2₁/a 2/m

Other Gadolinite-(Ce) Information

References:

NAME( AntBidBlaNic2) PHYS. PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990) OPTIC PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990)

See Also:

Links to other databases for Gadolinite-(Ce) :
1 -Am. Min. Crystal Structure Database 2 -Athena 3 - EUROmin Project 4 -Google Images 5 -Google Scholar 6 -Handbook of Mineralogy (UofA) 7 -MinDAT 8 -MinMax(Deutsch) 9 -MinMax(English) 10 -Mineralienatlas (Deutsch) 11 -QUT Mineral Atlas 12 -École des Mines de Paris

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Gadolinite-(Ce)

(Ce,La,Nd,Y)2Fe++Be2Si2O10
Dana No: 54.2.1b.2 Strunz No: VIII/B.29-60
Locality:

Notes: