General Bixbyite Information
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Chemical Formula: |
(Mn+++,Fe+++)2O3 |
Composition: |
Molecular Weight = 158.33 gm |
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Manganese 52.05 % Mn 74.78 % Mn2O3 |
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Iron 17.64 % Fe 25.22 % Fe2O3 |
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Oxygen 30.32 % O |
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______ ______ |
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100.00 % 100.00 % = TOTAL OXIDE |
Empirical Formula: |
Mn3+1.5Fe3+0.5O3 |
Environment: |
Pneumatolytic, hydrothermal, and metamorphic rocks. |
IMA Status: |
Valid Species (Pre-IMA) 1897 |
Locality: |
Siapa and Chhindwara, India. Thomas Range, Utah. Link to MinDat.org Location Data. |
Name Origin: |
Named after the American mineralogist, M. Bixby. |
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Bixbyite Image |
Images:
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Bixbyite
Comments: Cubic crystals of bixbyite reaching 5 mm sit on a crude pseudomorph of hematite after garnet.
Location: Thomas Range, Juab Co., Utah, USA.
Scale: 1.5 x 1.6 cm.
© Isaias Casanova / IC Minerals |
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Bixbyite Crystallography
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Cell Dimensions: |
a = 9.365, Z = 16; V = 821.34 Den(Calc)= 5.12 |
Crystal System: |
Isometric - DiploidalH-M Symbol (2/m 3) Space Group: I a3 |
X Ray Diffraction: |
By Intensity(I/Io): 2.72(1), 1.657(0.9), 1.421(0.8), |
Forms:
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Forms:
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Crystal Structure:
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Geller S , Acta Crystallographica, Section B , 27 (1971) p.821-828, Structures of alpha-Mn203, (MnO.983Fe0.017)203 and (Mn0.37Fe0.63)2O3, and relation to magnetic ordering, Sample: (MnO.983Fe0.017)203
View Additional jPOWD Structure files for Bixbyite
[1]
[2]
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Physical Properties of Bixbyite
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Cleavage: |
[111] Imperfect, [111] Imperfect, [111] Imperfect |
Color: |
Black. |
Density: |
4.95 |
Diaphaniety: |
Opaque |
Fracture: |
Uneven - Flat surfaces (not cleavage) fractured in an uneven pattern. |
Habit: |
Crystalline - Fine - Occurs as well-formed fine sized crystals. |
Habit: |
Massive - Granular - Common texture observed in granite and other igneous rock. |
Hardness: |
6-6.5 - Orthoclase-Pyrite |
Luminescence: |
None. |
Luster: |
Metallic |
Streak: |
black |
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Optical Properties of Bixbyite
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Optical Data: |
NCalc= 2.56 - from Gladstone-Dale relationship (KC = 0.3045) where Ncalc=Dcalc*KC+1
NCalc= 2.51 - from Gladstone-Dale relationship (KC = 0.3045) where Ncalc=Dmeas*KC+1 |
Reflectivity |
Standardized Intensity (100%) Reflection Spectra of Bixbyite in Air
| λ |
R |
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∑ R(λ) |
| 400 nm |
24.70 |
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| 420 nm |
24.10 |
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| 440 nm |
23.50 |
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| 460 nm |
23.00 |
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| 480 nm |
22.80 |
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| 500 nm |
22.90 |
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| 520 nm |
23.20 |
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| 540 nm |
23.60 |
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| 560 nm |
23.50 |
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| 580 nm |
23.20 |
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| 600 nm |
22.90 |
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| 620 nm |
22.70 |
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| 640 nm |
22.40 |
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| 660 nm |
22.20 |
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| 680 nm |
22.20 |
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| 700 nm |
22.10 |
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Calculated Relative Intensity Colors of Bixbyite in Air
Relative Intensity |
0% |
40% |
80% |
100% |
120% |
160% |
200% |
240% |
280% |
320% |
360% |
390% |
| R |
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Calculated Properties of Bixbyite
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Electron Density: |
relectron=4.82 gm/cc note: rBixbyite =5.12 gm/cc. |
Fermion Index |
Fermion Index = 0.00388 Boson Index = 0.99612 |
Photoelectric: |
PEBixbyite = 19.12 barns/electron U=PEBixbyite x relectron= 92.14 barns/cc. |
Radioactivity: |
GRapi = 0 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units) Bixbyite is Not Radioactive |
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Bixbyite Classification
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Dana Class: |
4.3.7.2 (4)Simple Oxides |
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(4.3)with a cation charge of 3+ (A+++2 O3) |
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(4.3.7)Dana Group |
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4.3.7.1 Maghemite gamma-Fe2O3 P 213 2 3 |
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4.3.7.2 Bixbyite (Mn,Fe)2O3 I a3 2/m 3 |
Strunz Class: |
IV/C.03-10 IV - Oxides |
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IV/C - Oxides with metal : oxygen = 2:3 (M2O3 and related compounds) |
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IV/C.03 - Bixbyite - Avicennite series |
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IV/C.03-10 Bixbyite (Mn,Fe)2O3 I a3 2/m 3 |
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IV/C.03-20 Avicennite Tl2O3 I a3 2/m 3 |
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Other Bixbyite Information
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References: |
NAME( Duda&Rejl90) PHYS. PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990) OPTIC PROP.(AntBidBlaNic3) |
See Also: |
Links to other databases for Bixbyite :
1 -Am. Min. Crystal Structure Database
2 - Amethyst Galleries' Mineral Gallery
3 -Athena
4 - EUROmin Project
5 - Glendale Community College
6 -Google Images
7 -Google Scholar
8 -Handbook of Mineralogy (UofA)
9 - HyperPhysics
10 -MinDAT
11 -MinMax(Deutsch)
12 -MinMax(English)
13 -Mineralienatlas (Deutsch)
14 -QUT Mineral Atlas
15 - Scandinavian mineral gallery
16 - WWW-MINCRYST
17 -theimage
18 -École des Mines de Paris
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Bixbyite
(Mn+++,Fe+++)2O3
Dana No: 4.3.7.2 Strunz No: IV/C.03-10
Locality:
Notes:
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