General Bijvoetite-(Y) Information
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Chemical Formula: |
(Y,REE)8(H2O)25(UO2)16O8(OH)8(CO3)16·14(H2O) |
Composition: |
Molecular Weight = 7,068.68 gm |
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La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm, 4.07 % RE 4.75 % REE2O3 |
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Yttrium 7.55 % Y 9.58 % Y2O3 |
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Uranium 53.88 % U 61.12 % UO2 |
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Hydrogen 1.23 % H 10.96 % H2O |
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Carbon 2.72 % C 9.96 % CO2 |
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Oxygen 30.56 % O |
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______ ______ |
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100.00 % 96.38 % = TOTAL OXIDE |
Empirical Formula: |
Y6REE2(UO2)16O8(OH)8(CO3)16·39(H2O) |
Environment: |
Lower portion of the oxidation zone of a uranium deposit. |
IMA Status: |
Approved IMA 1982 |
Locality: |
Shinkolobwe, Zaire. Link to MinDat.org Location Data. |
Name Origin: |
Named to honor Dutch crystallographer, Johannes Martin Bijvoet (1892-1980). |
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Bijvoetite-(Y) Crystallography
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Axial Ratios: |
a:b:c =1.6386:1:3.4658 |
Cell Dimensions: |
a = 21.234, b = 12.958, c = 44.911, Z = 4; beta = 90° V = 12,357.27 Den(Calc)= 3.80 |
Crystal System: |
Monoclinic - SphenoidalH-M Symbol (2) Space Group: B1211 (pseudo ORTHO) |
X Ray Diffraction: |
By Intensity(I/Io): 6.7(1), 8.61(0.8), 4.16(0.6), |
Crystal Structure:
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Li Y , Burns P C , Gault R A , The Canadian Mineralogist , 38 (2000) p.153-162, A new rare-earth-element uranyl carbonate sheet in the structure of bijvoetite-(Y)
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Physical Properties of Bijvoetite-(Y)
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Cleavage: |
[001] Perfect |
Color: |
Sulfur yellow. |
Density: |
3.9 |
Habit: |
Microscopic Crystals - Crystals visible only with microscopes. |
Habit: |
Tabular - Form dimensions are thin in one direction. |
Hardness: |
2 - Gypsum |
Luminescence: |
Non-fluorescent. |
Luster: |
Vitreous (Glassy) |
Streak: |
light yellow |
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Optical Properties of Bijvoetite-(Y)
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Gladstone-Dale: |
CI meas= -0.188 (Poor) - where the CI = (1-KPDmeas/KC) CI calc= -0.219 (Poor) - where the CI = (1-KPDcalc/KC)
KPDcalc= 0.173,KPDmeas= 0.1685,KC= 0.1419 |
Optical Data: |
Biaxial (+), a=1.6, b=1.65, g=1.722, bire=0.1220, 2V(Calc)=84, 2V(Meas)=84. |
Pleochroism (x): |
colorless. |
Pleochroism (y): |
light yellow. |
Pleochroism (z): |
dark yellow. |
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Calculated Properties of Bijvoetite-(Y)
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Electron Density: |
relectron=3.41 gm/cc note: rBijvoetite-(Y) =3.90 gm/cc. |
Fermion Index |
Fermion Index = 0.0119 Boson Index = 0.9881 |
Photoelectric: |
PEBijvoetite-(Y) =1,434.73 barns/electron U=PEBijvoetite-(Y) x relectron=4,891.99 barns/cc. |
Radioactivity: |
GRapi = 4,018,906.44 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units)
Bijvoetite-(Y) is Radioactive as defined in 49 CFR 173.403. Greater than 70 Bq / gram.
Estimated Maximum U.S. Postal Shipping Size
(10 mRem/hr limit, Unshielded 10 cm box)
7.57 ± 1.89 grams of pure Bijvoetite-(Y) .
Estimated Maximum U.S. Postal Shipping Size
(10 mRem/hr limit, Unshielded 100 cm box)
756.84 ±189.21 grams of pure Bijvoetite-(Y) .
Estimated Radioactivity from Bijvoetite-(Y) - very strong
Specimen Size Weight/Volume (Sphere) * |
Calculated Activity Bequerols (Bq) |
Calculated Activity Curies (Ci) |
Estimated Activity GR(api) |
Estimated Exposure (mRem**)/hr If Held in Hand For One Hour |
| 1000 gm / 7.88 cm |
96,533,248 |
2.61E-03 |
4,018,906.44 |
1,321.28 |
| 100 gm / 3.66 cm |
9,653,325 |
2.61E-04 |
401,890.64 |
132.13 |
| 10 gm / 1.70 cm |
965,332 |
2.61E-05 |
40,189.06 |
13.21 |
| 1 gm / 7.88 mm |
96,533 |
2.61E-06 |
4,018.91 |
1.32 |
| 0.1 gm / 3.66 mm |
9,653 |
2.61E-07 |
401.89 |
0.13 |
| 0.01 gm / 1.70 mm |
965 |
2.61E-08 |
40.19 |
0.01 |
| 0.001 gm / 0.79 mm |
97 |
2.61E-09 |
4.02 |
0.00 |
Weight of pure Bijvoetite-(Y) in grams (gm) and Calculated Diameter of a Sphere with a Density of 3.90 gm/cc.*
Goverment Estimate of Average Annual Exposure (
360 mRem)
**
Note: 10 microsieverts/hr = 1 mRem/hr **
Max Permissable Adult Dose 50,000 mRem/yr (hands), 15,000 mRem/yr (eyes)
Lethal Dose LD(50) Exposure 400,000 to 500,000 mRem
Estimated Thorium Activity ( 0.20 % Th) From Sum REE Elements ( 4.07 % REE)
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Bijvoetite-(Y) Classification
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Dana Class: |
16b.2.4.1 (16b)Carbonates - Hydroxyl or Halogen |
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(16b.2)where (A)m (B)n (XO3)p Zq · x(H2O), with (m+n):p=3:2 |
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(16b.2.4)Dana Group |
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16b.2.4.1 Bijvoetite-(Y) (Y,REE)8(H2O)25(UO2)16O8(OH)8(CO3)16·14(H2O) B1211 (pseudo ORTHO) 2 |
Strunz Class: |
V/F.06-30 V - Nitrates, Carbonates and Borates |
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V/F - Uranylcarbonates ([UO2]4+ - [CO3]2-) |
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V/F.06 - Astrocyanite-(Ce) - Bijvoetite-(Y) series |
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V/F.06-05 Astrocyanite-(Ce) Cu2(Ce,Nd,La)2(UO2)(CO3)5(OH)2·1.5(H2O) P 6/mmm 6/m 2/m 2/m |
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V/F.06-10 Shabaite-(Nd) Ca(Nd,Sm,Y)2(UO2)(CO3)4(OH)2·6(H2O) P 2,P 2/m,Pm Mono |
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V/F.06-20 Kamotoite-(Y) (Y,Nd,Gd)2U4(CO3)3O12·14.5(H2O) P 21/a 2/m |
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V/F.06-30 Bijvoetite-(Y) (Y,REE)8(H2O)25(UO2)16O8(OH)8(CO3)16·14(H2O) B1211 (pseudo ORTHO) 2 |
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Other Bijvoetite-(Y) Information
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References: |
NAME( Dana8) PHYS. PROP.(AmMin, Vol 85, p1846) OPTIC PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990) |
See Also: |
Links to other databases for Bijvoetite-(Y) :
1 -Am. Min. Crystal Structure Database
2 -Athena
3 - EUROmin Project
4 -Google Images
5 -Google Scholar
6 -Handbook of Mineralogy (UofA)
7 -MinDAT
8 -MinMax(Deutsch)
9 -MinMax(English)
10 -Mineralienatlas (Deutsch)
11 -QUT Mineral Atlas
12 - Uranium Minerals
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Print or Cut-and-Paste your Bijvoetite-(Y) Specimen Label here :
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Bijvoetite-(Y)
(Y,REE)8(H2O)25(UO2)16O8(OH)8(CO3)16·14(H2O)
Dana No: 16b.2.4.1 Strunz No: V/F.06-30
Locality:
Notes:
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