General Yttrialite-(Y) Information
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Chemical Formula: |
(Y,Th)2Si2O7 |
Composition: |
Molecular Weight = 417.54 gm |
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Yttrium 31.94 % Y 40.56 % Y2O3 |
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Thorium 27.79 % Th 31.62 % ThO2 |
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Silicon 13.45 % Si 28.78 % SiO2 |
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Oxygen 26.82 % O |
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______ ______ |
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100.00 % 100.96 % = TOTAL OXIDE |
Empirical Formula: |
Y1.5Th0.5Si2O7 |
Environment: |
Associated with gadolinite. |
IMA Status: |
Valid Species (Pre-IMA) 1889 |
Locality: |
Llano Co., Texas, USA. Link to MinDat.org Location Data. |
Synonym: |
ICSD 28004 |
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PDF 24-1427 |
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Search for Yttrialite-(Y) Images |
Images:
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Yttrialite-(Y) Crystallography
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Axial Ratios: |
a:b:c =0.9106:1:0.6228 |
Cell Dimensions: |
a = 7.34, b = 8.06, c = 5.02, Z = 2; beta = 108.5° V = 281.64 Den(Calc)= 4.92 |
Crystal System: |
Monoclinic - PrismaticH-M Symbol (2/m) Space Group: P 21/m |
Crystal Structure:
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Batalieva N G , Pyatenko Yu A , Kristallografiya , 16 (1971) p.905-910, Artificial yttrialite (gamma-phase) - a representative of a, new structure type in the rare earth diorthosilicate series
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Physical Properties of Yttrialite-(Y)
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Cleavage: |
None |
Color: |
Green, Orangish yellow. |
Density: |
4.58 |
Fracture: |
Conchoidal - Fractures developed in brittle materials characterized by smoothly curving surfaces, (e.g. quartz). |
Habit: |
Massive - Uniformly indistinguishable crystals forming large masses. |
Hardness: |
5-5.5 - Apatite-Knife Blade |
Luminescence: |
Non-fluorescent. |
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Optical Properties of Yttrialite-(Y)
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Gladstone-Dale: |
CI meas= 0.089 (Poor) - where the CI = (1-KPDmeas/KC) CI calc= 0.152 (Poor) - where the CI = (1-KPDcalc/KC)
KPDcalc= 0.1541,KPDmeas= 0.1655,KC= 0.1816 |
Optical Data: |
Isotropic, n=1.758. |
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Calculated Properties of Yttrialite-(Y)
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Electron Density: |
relectron=4.11 gm/cc note: rYttrialite-(Y) =4.58 gm/cc. |
Fermion Index |
Fermion Index = 0.00641 Boson Index = 0.99359 |
Photoelectric: |
PEYttrialite-(Y) = 693.08 barns/electron U=PEYttrialite-(Y) x relectron=2,850.86 barns/cc. |
Radioactivity: |
GRapi = 532,369.72 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units)
Yttrialite-(Y) is Radioactive as defined in 49 CFR 173.403. Greater than 70 Bq / gram.
Estimated Maximum U.S. Postal Shipping Size
(10 mRem/hr limit, Unshielded 10 cm box)
57.13 ± 14.28 grams of pure Yttrialite-(Y) .
Estimated Maximum U.S. Postal Shipping Size
(10 mRem/hr limit, Unshielded 100 cm box)
5713.4 ±1428.4 grams of pure Yttrialite-(Y) .
Estimated Radioactivity from Yttrialite-(Y) - strong
Specimen Size Weight/Volume (Sphere) * |
Calculated Activity Bequerols (Bq) |
Calculated Activity Curies (Ci) |
Estimated Activity GR(api) |
Estimated Exposure (mRem**)/hr If Held in Hand For One Hour |
| 1000 gm / 7.47 cm |
12,448,137 |
3.36E-04 |
532,369.72 |
175.03 |
| 100 gm / 3.47 cm |
1,244,814 |
3.36E-05 |
53,236.97 |
17.50 |
| 10 gm / 1.61 cm |
124,481 |
3.36E-06 |
5,323.70 |
1.75 |
| 1 gm / 7.47 mm |
12,448 |
3.36E-07 |
532.37 |
0.18 |
| 0.1 gm / 3.47 mm |
1,245 |
3.36E-08 |
53.24 |
0.02 |
| 0.01 gm / 1.61 mm |
124 |
3.36E-09 |
5.32 |
0.00 |
| 0.001 gm / 0.75 mm |
12 |
3.36E-10 |
0.53 |
0.00 |
Weight of pure Yttrialite-(Y) in grams (gm) and Calculated Diameter of a Sphere with a Density of 4.58 gm/cc.*
Goverment Estimate of Average Annual Exposure (
360 mRem)
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Note: 10 microsieverts/hr = 1 mRem/hr **
Max Permissable Adult Dose 50,000 mRem/yr (hands), 15,000 mRem/yr (eyes)
Lethal Dose LD(50) Exposure 400,000 to 500,000 mRem
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Yttrialite-(Y) Classification
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Dana Class: |
55.2.1b.3 (55)Sorosilicate Si2O7 Groups, Generally with No Additional Anions |
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(55.2)with cations in [6] coordination |
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(55.2.1b)Thortveitite related species |
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55.2.1b.1 Rowlandite-(Y) Y4FeSi4O14F2(?) None |
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55.2.1b.2 Thalenite-(Y) Y3Si3O10(OH) P 21/n 2/m |
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55.2.1b.3 Yttrialite-(Y) (Y,Th)2Si2O7 P 21/m 2/m |
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55.2.1b.4 Fluorthalenite-(Y)! Y3Si3O10F P 21/m 2/m |
Strunz Class: |
VIII/C.01-40 VIII - Silicates |
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VIII/C - Sorosilicates, with [Si2O7]6-, without anions unfamiliar to tetraheders |
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VIII/C.01 - Thortveitite - Rowlandite-(Y) series |
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VIII/C.01-10 Thortveitite (Sc,Y)2Si2O7 C 2/m 2/m |
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VIII/C.01-15 Gittinsite CaZrSi2O7 C 2/m 2/m |
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VIII/C.01-18 Kristiansenite! Ca2ScSn(Si2O7)(Si2O6OH) C1 1 |
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VIII/C.01-20 Keiviite-(Y) (Y,Yb)2Si2O7 C 2/m 2/m |
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VIII/C.01-30 Keiviite-(Yb) (Yb,Y)2Si2O7 C 2/m 2/m |
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VIII/C.01-40 Yttrialite-(Y) (Y,Th)2Si2O7 P 21/m 2/m |
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VIII/C.01-45 Percleveite-(Ce)! (Ce,La,Nd)2Si2O7 P 41 4 |
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VIII/C.01-50 Rowlandite-(Y) Y4FeSi4O14F2(?) None |
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Other Yttrialite-(Y) Information
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References: |
NAME( Ford32) PHYS. PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990) OPTIC PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990) |
See Also: |
Links to other databases for Yttrialite-(Y) :
1 -Am. Min. Crystal Structure Database
2 -Athena
3 - EUROmin Project
4 -Google Images
5 -Google Scholar
6 -Handbook of Mineralogy (MinSocAm)
7 -Handbook of Mineralogy (UofA)
8 -MinDAT
9 -MinMax(Deutsch)
10 -MinMax(English)
11 -Mineralienatlas (Deutsch)
12 -QUT Mineral Atlas
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Print or Cut-and-Paste your Yttrialite-(Y) Specimen Label here :
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Yttrialite-(Y)
(Y,Th)2Si2O7
Dana No: 55.2.1b.3 Strunz No: VIII/C.01-40
Locality:
Notes:
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