Penfieldite Mineral Data

Penfieldite Mineral Data +

General Penfieldite Information

Chemical Formula:

Pb2Cl3(OH)

Composition:

Molecular Weight = 537.77 gm

Hydrogen 0.19 % H 1.68 % H₂O

Lead 77.06 % Pb 83.01 % PbO

Chlorine 19.78 % Cl 19.78 % Cl

- % Cl -4.46 % -O=Cl₂

Oxygen 2.98 % O

______ ______

100.00 % 100.00 % = TOTAL OXIDE

Empirical Formula:

Pb₂Cl₃(OH)

Environment:

Secondary mineral from smelting activities and sea water contact.

IMA Status:

Valid Species (Pre-IMA) 1892

Locality:

Ancient lead slags at Laurium, Greece. Link to MinDat.org Location Data.

Name Origin:

Named for Samuel L. Penfield (1856-1905), American mineralogist and mineral chemist.

Synonym:

ICSD 81086

PDF 22-384

Penfieldite Image

Images:

Penfieldite

Comments: Greenish, acicular penfieldite crystals.
Location: Laurium, Greece. Scale: Not Given.
© Lou Perloff / Photo Atlas of Minerals

Images:

Penfieldite

Comments: White to clear or light blue, doubly terminated, striated penfieldite crystals from 0.5 to 2mm associated with boleite as micro coatings.
Location: Margarita mine, Sierra Gorda, Chile. Scale: Picture size 5 mm.
© Tom Loomis / Dakota Matrix

Penfieldite Crystallography

Axial Ratios:

a:c = 1:4.31294

Cell Dimensions:

a = 11.28, c = 48.65, Z = 36; V = 5,360.83 Den(Calc)= 6.00

Crystal System:

Hexagonal - Dihexagonal DipyramidalH-M Symbol (6/m 2/m 2/m) Space Group: P 6/mmm

$Help on X Ray Diffraction:$ X Ray Diffraction:

By Intensity(I/I_o): 3.73(1), 3.14(0.8), 3.31(0.6),

Forms:

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Forms: [ 1 1 8] [ 0 1 0] [ 0 0 1]

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Crystal Structure:

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Merlino S , Pasero M , Perchiazzi N , Gianfagna A , Mineralogical Magazine , 59 (1995) p.341-347, X-ray and electron diffraction study of penfieldite:, average structure and multiple cells, Locality: Etruscan iron slag, Baratti beach, Piombiono, Tuscany, Italy

Physical Properties of Penfieldite

Cleavage:

[0001] Distinct

Color:

Colorless, White, Yellowish, Bluish.

Density:

5.82

Diaphaniety:

Transparent

Habit:

Pyramidal - Crystals are shaped like pyramids.

Habit:

Tabular - Form dimensions are thin in one direction.

Hardness:

3-4 - Calcite-Fluorite

Luster:

Adamantine - Greasy

Streak:

white

Optical Properties of Penfieldite

Gladstone-Dale:

CI meas= -0.126 (Poor) - where the CI = (1-KPDmeas/KC)
CI calc= -0.092 (Poor) - where the CI = (1-KPDcalc/KC)
KPDcalc= 0.195,KPDmeas= 0.201,KC= 0.1786

Optical Data:

Uniaxial (+), w=2.13, e=2.21, bire=0.0800.

Calculated Properties of Penfieldite

Electron Density:

r_electron=5.00 gm/cc
note: r_Penfieldite=6.00 gm/cc.

Fermion Index

Fermion Index = 0.17031
Boson Index = 0.82969

Photoelectric:

PE_Penfieldite=1,421.47 barns/electron
U=PE_Penfieldite x r_electron=7,105.18 barns/cc.

Radioactivity:

GRapi = 0 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units)

Penfieldite is Not Radioactive

Penfieldite Classification

Dana Class:

10.4.1.1 (10)Oxyhalides and Hydroxyhalides

(10.4)where (A)2 (O,OH) Xq

(10.4.1)Dana Group

10.4.1.1 Penfieldite Pb2Cl3(OH) P 6/mmm 6/m 2/m 2/m

Strunz Class:

III/D.11-20 III - Halogenides

III/D - Oxi-halogenides with Pb - Bi - Sb and related compounds

III/D.11 - Mendipite - Onoratoite series

III/D.11-10 Mendipite Pb3Cl2O2 P 2₁2₁2₁ 2 2 2

III/D.11-15 Damaraite Pb3O2(OH)Cl Pmc2 mm2

III/D.11-17 Chubutite* Pb7O6Cl2 Unk Ortho

III/D.11-20 Penfieldite Pb2Cl3(OH) P 6/mmm 6/m 2/m 2/m

III/D.11-30 Blixite Pb2Cl(O,OH)2 Unk Ortho

III/D.11-35 Mereheadite! Pb2O(OH)Cl C 2/c 2/m

III/D.11-40 Sundiusite Pb10(SO4)Cl2O8 C 2,Cm,C 2/m Mono

III/D.11-50 Asisite Pb12(SiO4)O8Cl4 I 4/mmm 4/m 2/m 2/m

III/D.11-55 Parkinsonite (Pb,Mo,[])8O8Cl2 I 4/mmm 4/m 2/m 2/m

III/D.11-60 Thorikosite Pb3(Sb,As)O3(OH)Cl2 I 4/mmm 4/m 2/m 2/m

III/D.11-65 Philolithite! Pb12O6Mn(Mg,Mn)2(Mn,Mg)4(SO4)(CO3)4Cl4(OH)12 P 4₁/nnm 4/m 2/m 2/m

III/D.11-70 Pinalite Pb3(WO4)OCl2 Amam 2/m 2/m 2/m

III/D.11-80 Nadorite PbSbO2Cl Bmmb 2/m 2/m 2/m

III/D.11-90 Perite PbBiO2Cl Bmmb 2/m 2/m 2/m

III/D.11-100 Heliophyllite Pb6As2O7Cl4 Unk Ortho

III/D.11-110 Ecdemite Pb6As2O7Cl4 Unk Tetra

III/D.11-120 Onoratoite Sb8O11Cl2 C 2/m 2/m

Other Penfieldite Information

References:

NAME( Dana8) PHYS. PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990) OPTIC PROP.(Ford32)

See Also:

Links to other databases for Penfieldite :
1 -Am. Min. Crystal Structure Database 2 -Athena 3 - EUROmin Project 4 -Google Images 5 -Google Scholar 6 -Handbook of Mineralogy (UofA) 7 -MinDAT 8 -MinMax(Deutsch) 9 -MinMax(English) 10 -Mineralienatlas (Deutsch) 11 -QUT Mineral Atlas 12 -École des Mines de Paris

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Penfieldite

Pb2Cl3(OH)
Dana No: 10.4.1.1 Strunz No: III/D.11-20
Locality:

Notes: