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Minerals Arranged by X-Ray Powder Diffraction
See Help on X-Ray Diffraction.
Powder X-ray Diffraction (XRD) is one of the primary techniques used by mineralogists and solid state chemists to examine the physico-chemical make-up of unknown materials. This data is represented in a collection of single-phase X-ray powder diffraction patterns for the three most intense D values in the form of tables of interplanar spacings (D), relative intensities (I/Io), mineral name and chemical formulae
The XRD technique takes a sample of the material and places a powdered sample in a holder, then the sample is illuminated with x-rays of a fixed wave-length and the intensity of the reflected radiation is recorded using a goniometer. This data is then analyzed for the reflection angle to calculate the inter-atomic spacing (D value in Angstrom units - 10-8 cm). The intensity(I) is measured to discriminate (using I ratios) the various D spacings and the results are compared to this table to identify possible matches. Note: 2 theta (Θ) angle calculated from the Bragg Equation, 2 Θ = 2(arcsin(n λ/(2d)) where n=1;
For more information about this technique, see X-Ray Analysis of a Solid or take an internet course at Birkbeck College On-line Courses. Many thanks to Frederic Biret for these data.
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| D1 Å (2θ) |
I1 %) |
D2 Å (2θ) |
I2 (%) |
D3 Å (2θ) |
I3 (%) |
Mineral | Formula |
| 9.200(9.61) | 100 | 5.060(17.51) | 60 | 5.410(16.37) | 50 | Sinkankasite | H2MnAl(PO4)2(OH)•6(H2O) |
| 9.200(9.61) | 100 | 18.100(4.88) | 80 | 5.580(15.87) | 80 | Aluminocopiapite | Al2/3Fe+++4(SO4)6O(OH)2•20(H2O) |
| 9.200(9.61) | 100 | 9.600(9.20) | 100 | 3.900(22.78) | 70 | Bukovskyite | Fe+++2(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)•7(H2O) |
| 9.200(9.61) | 100 | 5.580(15.87) | 80 | 18.100(4.88) | 80 | Aluminocopiapite | Al2/3Fe+++4(SO4)6O(OH)2•20(H2O) |
| 9.218(9.59) | 100 | 2.819(31.72) | 70 | 2.593(34.56) | 25 | Jahnsite-(NaFeMg) | NaFe+++Mg2Fe+++2(PO4)4(OH)2•8H2O |
| 9.218(9.59) | 100 | 2.593(34.56) | 70 | 2.973(30.03) | 25 | Jahnsite-(NaFeMg) | NaFe+++Mg2Fe+++2(PO4)4(OH)2•8H2O |
| 9.230(9.57) | 100 | 18.400(4.80) | 100 | 5.570(15.90) | 70 | Copiapite | Fe++Fe+++4(SO4)6(OH)2•20(H2O) |
| 9.250(9.55) | 100 | 6.120(14.46) | 80 | 3.560(24.99) | 60 | Zincocopiapite | ZnFe+++4(SO4)6(OH)2•18(H2O) |
| 9.270(9.53) | 100 | 2.280(39.49) | 25 | 3.860(23.02) | 20 | Uramarsite | (NH4,H3O)2(UO2)2(AsO4,PO4)2•6H2O |
| 9.270(9.53) | 100 | 4.850(18.28) | 25 | 2.280(39.49) | 20 | Uramarsite | (NH4,H3O)2(UO2)2(AsO4,PO4)2•6H2O |
| 9.270(9.53) | 100 | 2.825(31.65) | 80 | 4.910(18.05) | 60 | Jahnsite-(CaMnMg) | CaMnMg2Fe+++2(PO4)4(OH)2•8(H2O) |
| 9.270(9.53) | 100 | 2.439(36.82) | 80 | 3.690(24.10) | 70 | Shabynite | Mg5(BO3)Cl2(OH)5•4(H2O) |
| 9.270(9.53) | 100 | 2.781(32.16) | 80 | 2.941(30.37) | 70 | Whiteite-(CaFeMg) | Ca(Fe++,Mn++)Mg2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2•8(H2O) |
| 9.280(9.52) | 100 | 3.094(28.83) | 80 | 3.451(25.79) | 80 | IMA2009-008 | Y2[(UO2)8O6(SO4)4(OH)2]•26H2O |
| 9.280(9.52) | 100 | 4.642(19.10) | 50 | 2.834(31.54) | 35 | Jahnsite-(CaFeFe) | (Ca,Mn)(Fe++,Mn++)Fe++2Fe+++2(PO4)4(OH)2•8(H2O) |
| 9.280(9.52) | 100 | 3.451(25.79) | 80 | 3.094(28.83) | 80 | IMA2009-008 | Y2[(UO2)8O6(SO4)4(OH)2]•26H2O |
| 9.290(9.51) | 100 | 18.570(4.75) | 90 | 5.600(15.81) | 80 | Magnesiocopiapite | MgFe+++4(SO4)6(OH)2•20(H2O) |
| 9.290(9.51) | 100 | 4.640(19.11) | 90 | 4.260(20.83) | 80 | Sarmientite | Fe+++2(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)•5(H2O) |
| 9.300(9.50) | 100 | 2.860(31.25) | 70 | 1.720(53.21) | 60 | Englishite | K3Na2Ca10Al15(PO4)21(OH)7•26(H2O) |
| 9.300(9.50) | 100 | 6.280(14.09) | 90 | 4.890(18.13) | 60 | Levinsonite-(Y) | (Y,Nd,La)Al(SO4)2(C2O4)•12(H2O) |
| 9.310(9.49) | 100 | 2.790(32.05) | 80 | 4.850(18.28) | 50 | Whiteite-(CaMnMg) | CaMn++Mg2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2•8(H2O) |
| 9.320(9.48) | 100 | 2.780(32.17) | 90 | 2.950(30.27) | 50 | Whiteite-(MnFeMg) | (Mn++,Ca)(Fe++,Mn++)Mg2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2•8(H2O) |
| 9.320(9.48) | 100 | 2.950(30.27) | 90 | 4.820(18.39) | 50 | Whiteite-(MnFeMg) | (Mn++,Ca)(Fe++,Mn++)Mg2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2•8(H2O) |
| 9.340(9.46) | 100 | 7.090(12.47) | 50 | 3.547(25.09) | 40 | Janggunite | Mn++++5-x(Mn++,Fe+++)1+xO8(OH)6, x = 0,2 |
| 9.340(9.46) | 100 | 9.140(9.67) | 100 | 4.760(18.63) | 27 | Chistyakovaite-(Y) | Al(UO2)2(AsO4)2(F,OH)•6.5H2O |
| 9.349(9.45) | 100 | 3.206(27.80) | 40 | 3.107(28.71) | 30 | Meurigite-Na | [Na(H2O)2.5][Fe+++8(PO4)6(OH)7(H2O)4] |
| 9.350(9.45) | 100 | 1.530(60.46) | 55 | 4.590(19.32) | 45 | Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| 9.380(9.42) | 100 | 2.491(36.03) | 80 | 4.590(19.32) | 70 | Micheelsenite | (Ca,Y)3Al[PO3OH,CO3](CO3)(OH)6•12(H2O) |
| 9.380(9.42) | 100 | 2.802(31.91) | 80 | 4.690(18.91) | 50 | Rittmannite | Mn++Mn++Fe++Al2(OH)2(PO4)4•8(H2O) |
| 9.380(9.42) | 100 | 2.840(31.47) | 90 | 2.600(34.47) | 80 | Kaluginite | (Mn++,Ca)MgFe+++(PO4)2(OH)•4(H2O) |
| 9.390(9.41) | 100 | 2.860(31.25) | 90 | 4.700(18.87) | 50 | Manganosegelerite | (Mn,Ca)(Mn,Fe++,Mg)Fe+++(PO4)2(OH)•4(H2O) |
| 9.400(9.40) | 100 | 4.680(18.95) | 80 | 3.680(24.16) | 70 | Basaluminite | Al4(SO4)(OH)10•5(H2O) |
| 9.400(9.40) | 100 | 3.501(25.42) | 55 | 2.332(38.58) | 30 | Spencerite | Zn4(PO4)2(OH)2•3(H2O) |
| 9.400(9.40) | 100 | 3.120(28.59) | 28 | 2.503(35.85) | 23 | Willemseite | (Ni,Mg)3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| 9.400(9.40) | 100 | 2.870(31.14) | 80 | 4.704(18.85) | 30 | Jahnsite-(CaMnMn) | CaMn++Mn++2Fe+++2(PO4)4(OH)2•8(H2O) |
| 9.410(9.39) | 100 | 3.413(26.09) | 55 | 3.813(23.31) | 40 | Kidwellite | Na(Fe+++,Cu)9+x(PO4)6(OH)11•3(H2O) |
| 9.430(9.37) | 100 | 3.474(25.62) | 80 | 3.366(26.46) | 60 | Threadgoldite | Al(UO2)2(PO4)2(OH)•8(H2O) |
| 9.433(9.37) | 100 | 2.896(30.85) | 50 | 3.010(29.65) | 30 | Goldquarryite | (Cu,[ ])(Cd,Ca)2Al3(PO4)4F2(H2O)10{(H2O,F)}2 |
| 9.433(9.37) | 100 | 2.818(31.73) | 50 | 2.896(30.85) | 30 | Goldquarryite | (Cu,[ ])(Cd,Ca)2Al3(PO4)4F2(H2O)10{(H2O,F)}2 |
| 9.434(9.37) | 100 | 4.028(22.05) | 13 | 4.941(17.94) | 11 | Ravatite | C14H10 |
| 9.450(9.35) | 100 | 3.113(28.65) | 36 | 4.700(18.87) | 16 | Hendersonite | Ca1.3V6O16•6(H2O) |
| 9.460(9.34) | 100 | 5.560(15.93) | 100 | 5.030(17.62) | 100 | Chabazite-K | (K2,Ca,Na2,Mg)[Al2Si4O12]•6(H2O) |
| 9.460(9.34) | 100 | 5.560(15.93) | 100 | 5.030(17.62) | 100 | Chabazite-Na | (Na2,K2,Ca,Mg)[Al2Si4O12]•6(H2O) |
| 9.470(9.33) | 100 | 3.440(25.88) | 80 | 4.740(18.70) | 80 | Marecottite | Mg3(H2O)18[(UO2)4O3(SO4)2]2•10(H2O) |
| 9.470(9.33) | 100 | 4.740(18.70) | 80 | 3.440(25.88) | 80 | Marecottite | Mg3(H2O)18[(UO2)4O3(SO4)2]2•10(H2O) |
| 9.480(9.32) | 100 | 3.960(22.43) | 90 | 2.783(32.14) | 80 | Greifensteinite | Ca2Be4(Fe++,Mn)5(PO4)6(OH)4•6(H2O) |
| 9.480(9.32) | 100 | 2.783(32.14) | 90 | 5.940(14.90) | 80 | Greifensteinite | Ca2Be4(Fe++,Mn)5(PO4)6(OH)4•6(H2O) |
| 9.480(9.32) | 100 | 14.360(6.15) | 100 | 7.380(11.98) | 70 | Paramendozavilite | NaAl4Fe+++7(PO4)5(P+++++Mo++++++12O40)(OH)16•56(H2O) |
| 9.490(9.31) | 100 | 4.156(21.36) | 60 | 6.860(12.89) | 35 | Laumontite | CaAl2Si4O12•4(H2O) |
| 9.490(9.31) | 100 | 2.912(30.68) | 44 | 2.890(30.92) | 35 | Juonniite | CaMgSc(PO4)2(OH)•4(H2O) |
| 9.500(9.30) | 100 | 3.130(28.49) | 60 | 4.350(20.40) | 50 | Phosphofibrite | KCuFe+++15(PO4)12(OH)12•12(H2O) |
| 9.500(9.30) | 100 | 9.310(9.49) | 85 | 3.586(24.81) | 39 | IMA2000-020 | Fe4[AsO3OH]5[AsO2(OH)2]2•20(H2O) |
| 9.500(9.30) | 100 | 7.430(11.90) | 100 | 3.960(22.43) | 40 | Karpatite | C24H12 |
| 9.520(9.28) | 100 | 2.540(35.31) | 70 | 3.020(29.55) | 60 | Cassagnaite | (Ca,Mn++)4(Fe+++,Mn+++,Al)4(OH)4(V+++,Mg,Al)2(O,OH)4(Si3O10)(SiO4)2 |
| 9.520(9.28) | 100 | 2.660(33.67) | 70 | 2.540(35.31) | 60 | Cassagnaite | (Ca,Mn++)4(Fe+++,Mn+++,Al)4(OH)4(V+++,Mg,Al)2(O,OH)4(Si3O10)(SiO4)2 |
| 9.520(9.28) | 100 | 9.860(8.96) | 100 | 3.790(23.45) | 80 | Chelyabinskite | (Ca,Mg)3Si(OH)6(SO4,CO3)2•9(H2O) |
| 9.540(9.26) | 100 | 2.530(35.45) | 70 | 3.180(28.04) | 50 | Minnesotaite | (Fe++,Mg)3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| 9.540(9.26) | 100 | 8.120(10.89) | 40 | 4.560(19.45) | 21 | Canavesite | Mg2(CO3)(HBO3)•5(H2O) |
| 9.540(9.26) | 100 | 4.790(18.51) | 100 | 2.590(34.60) | 100 | Chalcophyllite | Cu++18Al2(AsO4)3(SO4)3(OH)27•33(H2O) |
| 9.550(9.25) | 100 | 4.108(21.61) | 70 | 4.008(22.16) | 50 | IMA2008-046 | MgZr(PO4)2•4H2O |
| 9.550(9.25) | 100 | 4.008(22.16) | 70 | 4.411(20.11) | 50 | IMA2008-046 | MgZr(PO4)2•4H2O |
| 9.560(9.24) | 100 | 5.510(16.07) | 40 | 3.410(26.11) | 20 | Thaumasite | Ca3Si(CO3)(SO4)(OH)6•12(H2O) |
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